Acknowledgement········································································I Summary··················································································II Introduction··············································································III Main Pest Orthoptera of the World Caelifera Acridoidea······················ 1 Acrididae············································································ 3 Acanthacris ruficornis (Garden locust)····································· 3 Ageneotettix deorum (White whiskered grasshopper)···················· 7 Aiolopus simulatrix (Sudan plague locust)································ 11 Anacridium melanorhodon (Sahelian Tree locust)·······················15 Aulocara elliotti (Bigheaded grasshopper)································21 Austracris guttulosa (Spur throated locust)·······························25 Boopedon nubilum (Ebony grasshopper)··································30 Boopedon diabolicum (Black short-winged grasshopper)··············36 Calliptamus italicus (Italian locust)········································41 Calliptamus turanicus (Turanian locust)··································47 Camnula pellucida (Clearwinged grasshopper)··························51 Ceracris kiangsu (Bamboo locust)·········································56 Chorthippus albomarginatus sensu lata (Lesser marsh grasshopper)· 60 Chortoicetes terminifera (Australian platue locust)·····················65 Chondracris rosea (Cotton locust)·········································71 Diabolocatantops axillaris (Devil grasshopper)·························75 Dichroplus elongatus (Elongated grasshopper)··························79 Dichroplus maculipennis (Spotted-wing grasshopper)··················83 Dociostaurus kraussi (krauss’cross-backed Grasshopper)··············87 Dociostaurus maroccanus (Moroccan locust)····························91 Eyprepocnemis plorans (Berseem grasshopper)·························97 Gomphocerus sibiricus (Siberian grasshopper)························ 101 Hieroglyphus banian (Rice grasshopper)······························· 106 Hieroglyphus nigrorepletus (Rice grasshopper)·························111 Kraussaria angulifera(kraussaria Angulifera)·························· 116 Locusta migratoria (Migratory locust)·································· 119 Locustana pardalina (Brown locust)···································· 129 Melanoplus differentialis (Differential grasshopper)·················· 134 Melanoplus femurrubrum (Redlegged grasshopper)··················· 139 Melanoplus bivittatus (Two-stripped grasshopper)···················· 143 Melanoplus sanguinipes (Migratory grasshopper)····················· 148 Mermiria bivittata (Mermiria grasshopper)····························· 154 Nomadacris septemfasciata (Red locust)································ 159 Oedaleus decorus (Handsome cross grasshopper)····················· 165 Oedaleus senegalensis (Senegalese grasshopper)······················ 170 Oxya chinensis (Chinese rice grasshopper)····························· 176 Oxya hyla and Oxya intricata (Smaller rice grasshoppers)··········· 180 Patanga succincta (Bombay locust)····································· 185 Rhammatocerus schistocercoides (Mato Grosso locust)·············· 190 Schistocerca cancellata (South American locust)······················ 198 Schistocerca gregaria (Desert locust)··································· 204 Schistocerca interrita (Peruvian locust)································· 213 Schistocerca piceifrons (Central American locust)···················· 216 Stauroderus scalaris (Dark-winged grasshopper)······················ 221 Romaleidae······································································· 225 Brachystola magna (Plains lubber grasshopper)······················· 225 Tropidacris collaris (Quebrachera grasshopper)······················ 230 Tristiridae········································································ 235 Bufonacris claraziana (Toad grasshopper)······························ 235 Main Pest Orthoptera of the World Caelifera Pyrgomorphoidea·········· 239 Pyrgomorphidae································································ 241 Phymateus viridipes (Green bush locust)······························· 241 Sphenarium purpurascens (Corn grasshopper)························· 245 Zonocerus elegans (Elegant grasshopper)······························· 250 Zonocerus variegatus (Variegated grasshopper)······················· 254 Main Pest Orthoptera of the World Ensifera Tettigonioidea················ 261 Tettigoniidae····································································· 263 Acanthoplus discoidalis and Acanthoplus speiseri (Armoured bush crickets)·················································································· 263 Phaneropteridae································································· 267 Pterophylla beltrani (Grilleta)············································ 267 Anabrus simplex (Mormon cricket)······································ 273 Main Pest Orthoptera of the World Ensifera Grylloidea····················· 279 Gryllotalpidae··································································· 281 Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa (European mole cricket)······················ 281 Gryllotalpa orientalis (Oriental mole cricket)·························· 285 Neoscapteriscus abbreviatus (Shortwinged mole cricket)············ 289 Neoscapteriscus borelli (Southern mole cricket)······················· 294 Neoscapteriscus vicinus (Tawny mole cricket)························· 299